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| Last Updated:: 23/02/2012

Aerodynamics Of Insects

 

Title of the Project: A web enabled application for rapid estimation of the aerodynamic parameters of fliers.
Sponsor of the Project: In-house project
Objective of the Project: The data generated from the study throw light on the flight range, swarming behavior, vectorial capacity, kinetic energy in relation to wing beat frequency etc.
Description of the Project: Information on the aerodynamic parameters of different fliers will play a vital role in understanding the flight adaptation.
Deliverables of the Project - The Solution: A user friendly, web-enabled software (WEBAER 1.1) was developed to estimate more than 30 aerodynamic parameters of a given flier.
Salient features of the Project:
  • Power requirements like lift and drag can also be calculated.
  • The program has provision to calculate wing beat frequency theoretically by using mass flow theory.
Future Spin offs of the Project: The study would lead to analysis of certain harmonics of the flight sound have specific response on opposite sex which may help in vector control programs.

Aerodynamic Parameters of different mosquitoe species

 

Aedes egyptii Static , Dynamic , Dynamic induces air , Aerodynamic
Culex quinquefascitus Static , Dynamic , Dynamic induces air , Aerodynamic
Anopheles stephensi Static , Dynamic , Dynamic induces air , Aerodynamic

 

 

Static Parameters Male Female
Body Mass X 10-3 (g) 0.89 ± 0.181 2.23 ± 0.48
Wing Length (cm) 0.25 ± 0.015 0.33 ± 0.023
Wing Span (cm) 0.65 ± 0.034 0.78 ± 0.052
Wing Area (cm2 ) 0.01 ± 0.0013 0.02 ± 0.0023
Effective wing Breadth (cm) 0.04 ± 0.0056 0.06 ± 0.0069
Length of the flier (cm) 0.4 ± 0.021 0.47 ± 0.030
Breadth of the flier (cm) 0.15 ± 0.011 0.13 ± 0.022
Wing Mass x 10-3 (g) 0.00850 ± 0.0007 0.00890 ± 0.0007
Disc area(cm2) 0.048 ± 0.006 0.086 ± 0.0116
Wing swept area (cm2) 0.063 ± 0.008 0.114 ± 0.0155
Wing swept volume x 10-3 (cm3) 2.6 ± 0.4 7.1 ± 1.11
Fineness ratio 2.6 ± 0.237 3.86 ± 0.676
Arc length (cm) 2.6 ± 0.016 0.34 ± 0.024
Total Wing area (cm2) 0.02 ± 30.001 0.04 ± 0.0041

 

Dynamic Parameters of Aedes aegyptii
Dynamic Parameters Male Female
Moment of inertia x 10-6(gcm2) 0.162 ± 0.016 0.305 ± 0.042
Angular velocity (rad/sec) 2093 ± 232 1866 ± 144
Angular acceleration x (103 rad/sec2) 8470 ± 1961 6688 ± 1001
Angular momentum x (10-3 rad/sec2) 0.34 ± 0.056 0.57 ± 0.094
Kinetic energy 0.36 ± 0.101 0.54 ± 0.115

 

Dynamic Parameters of induced air Aedes aegyptii
Dynamic Parameters of induces air Male Female
Rate of mass flow x 10 (g/sec) 0.89 ± 0.17 2.2 ± 0.36
Mass (x 10-5 g) 2.8 ± 0.4 7.8 ± 1.2
Acceleration (cm/sec2) 50601 ± 9997 52791 ± 6665
Velocity (cm/sec) 78.9 ± 8.04 93.0 ± 8.52
Kinetic energy (x 10-1erg) 0.9 ± 0.003 3.5 ± 0.009
Momentum (x 10-3gcm/sec) 0.223 ± 0.049 0.733 ± 0.149

 

Aerodynamic Parameters of Aedes aegyptii
Aerodynamic Parameters Male Female
Aspect Ratio
6.20 ± 1.11
5.33 ± 0.72
Wind loading (g/cm2)
0.089 ± 0.012
0.108 ± 0.018
Disc loading (g/cm2)
0.019 ± 0.0037
0.026 ± 0.0048
Mw/Mf
0.01 ± 0.002
0.004 ± 0.001
Frequency of wing beat (H2)
636 ± 71
567 ± 43

 


 

Static Parameters of Culex quinquefascitus
Static Parameters Male Female
Body Mass X 10-3 (g) 1.14 ± 0.04 1.84 ± 0.16
Wing Length (cm) 0.23 ± 0.37 0.38 ± 0.03
Wing Span (cm) 0.629 ± 0.003 0.666 ± 0.00
Wing Area (cm2 ) 0.022 ± 0.002 0.025 ± 0.22
Effective wing Breadth (cm) 0.078 ± 0.09 0.085 ± 0.008
Length of the flier (cm) 0.36 ± 0.00 0.415 ± 0.002
Breadth of the flier (cm) 0.07 ± 0.003 0.1 ± 0.00
Wing Mass x 10-3 (g) 0.00032 ± 0.0000 0.00041 ± 0.0000
Disc area(cm2) 0.311 ± 0.003 0.401 ± 0.06
Wing swept area (cm2) 0.084 ± 0.00 0.084 ± 0.00
Wing swept volume x 10-3 (cm3) 6.49 ± 0.8 7.17 ± 0.72
Fineness ratio 5.75 ± 0.02 4.15 ± 0.15
Arc length (cm) 0.296 ± 0.00 0.296 ± 0.00
Total Wing area (cm2) 0.044 ± 0.004 0.050 ± 0.004

 


Dynamic Parameters of Culex quinquefascitus
Dynamic Parameters Male Female
Moment of inertia x 10-6(gcm2) 0.8 ± 0.000 0.228 ± 0.013
Angular velocity (rad/sec) 2415 ± 0.33 1320 ± 0.44
Angular acceleration x (103 rad/sec2) 3565 ±0.23 1315 ± 0.2
Angular momentum x (10-3 rad/sec2) 1.932 ± 0.26 1.34 ± 0.16
Kinetic energy 2.33 ± 0.00 0.88 ± 0.01

 

 

Dynamic Parameters of induced air Culex quinquefascitus
Dynamic Parameters of induces air Male Female
Rate of mass flow x 10 (g/sec) 0.89 ± 0.17 2.2 ± 0.36
Mass (x 10-5 g) 2.8 ± 0.4 7.8 ± 1.2
Acceleration (cm/sec2) 50601 ± 9997 52791 ± 6665
Velocity (cm/sec) 78.9 ± 8.04 93.0 ± 8.52
Kinetic energy (x 10-1erg) 0.9 ± 0.003 3.5 ± 0.009
Momentum (x 10-3gcm/sec) 0.223 ± 0.049 0.733 ± 0.149

 

 

 

Aerodynamic Parameters of Culex quinquefascitus
Aerodynamic Parameters Male Female
Aspect Ratio 3.7 ± 0.48 3.31 ± 0.35
Wind loading (g/cm2) 0.054 ± 0.009 0.075 ± 0.001
Disc loading (g/cm2) 0.003 ± 0.0002 0.0053 ± 0.0005
Mw/Mf 0.023 ± 0.001 0.023 ± 0.002
Frequency of wing beat (H2) 741 ± 43 405 ± 11

 

 

 

Static Parameters of Anopheles stephensi
Static Parameters Male Female
Body Mass X 10-3 (g) 1.95 ± 0.18 3.02 ± 0.107
Wing Length (cm) 0.29 ± 0.013 0.39 ± 0.021
Wing Span (cm) 0.70 ± 0.029 0.89 ± 0.051
Wing Area (cm2 ) 0.02 ± 0.0009 0.027 ± 0.0026
Effective wing Breadth (cm) 0.071 ± 0.0029 0.068 ± 0.005
Length of the flier (cm) 0.57 ± 0.058 0.46 ± 0.052
Breadth of the flier (cm) 0.12 ± 0.0158 0.096 ± 0.010
Wing Mass x 10-3 (g) 0.03 ± 0.0096 0.04 ± 0.009
Disc area(cm2) 0.38 ± 0.034 0.631 ± 0.068
Wing swept area (cm2) 0.088 ± 0.008 0.167 ± 0.018
Wing swept volume x 10-3 (cm3) 6.29 ± 0.517 11.51 ± 1.582
Fineness ratio 4.36 ± 0.498 4.99 ± 0.809
Arc length (cm) 0.30 ± 0.013 0.419 ± 0.0225
Total Wing area (cm2) 0.04 ± 0.0008 0.051 ± 0.0009

 

 

 

Dynamic Parameters of Anopheles stephensi
Dynamic Parameters Male Female
Moment of inertia x 10-6(gcm2) 00902 ± 0.326 1.977 ± 0.203
Angular velocity (rad/sec) 1821 ± 171 1689 ± 218
Angular acceleration x (103 rad/sec2) 6394 ± 123 5539 ± 143
Angular momentum x (10-3 rad/sec2) 1.625 ± 0.0593 3.34 ± 0.0558
Kinetic energy 1.50 ± 0.612 2.86 ± 0.80
Dynamic Parameters of induced air Anopheles stephensi
Dynamic Parameters of induces air Male Female
Rate of mass flow x 10 (g/sec) 1.85 ± 0.18 3.64 ± 0.685
Mass (x 10-5 g) 0.688 ± 0.058 1.266 ± 0.173
Acceleration (cm/sec2) 53624 ± 4902 46580 ± 8142
Velocity (cm/sec) 98.87 ± 2.8 90.3 ± 5.08
Kinetic energy (x 10-1erg) 3.36 ± 0.23 5.10 ± 0.45
Momentum (x 10-3gcm/sec) 0.678 ± 0.053 1.1 ± 0.13

 

 

 

Aerodynamic Parameters of Anopheles stephensi
Aerodynamic Parameters Male Female
Aspect Ratio 4.1 ± 0.30 5.84 ± 0.50
Wind loading (g/cm2) 0.093 ± 0.009 0.052 ± 0.011
Disc loading (g/cm2) 0.005 ± 0.0005 0.0046 ± 0.0002
Mw/Mf 0.016 ± 0.0033 0.026 ± 0.001
Frequency of wing beat (H2) 520 ± 65 475 ± 30